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Whereas ____________ is a bottom-up philosophy that places street officers at the forefront of problem identification and subsequent solutions, the ____________ is much more hierarchical and emphasizes the top-down approach.

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Community- or proble...

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Match the concept from Column 1 to the type of personnel grouping (on a horizontal dimension) listed in Column 2. Each item in Column 2 will be used only once. -Simplest type of personnel grouping


A) Grouping by clientele
B) Grouping by style of service
C) Grouping by geography
D) Grouping by time
E) Grouping by process

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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The principle of hierarchy results in different grades of authority that comprise the:


A) Chain of command.
B) Hierarchy of administration.
C) Span of management.
D) Organizational differentiation.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Match the concept from Column 1 to the type of personnel grouping (on a horizontal dimension) listed in Column 2. Each item in Column 2 will be used only once. -Type of personnel grouping that usually bisects the organization into patrol and detectives


A) Grouping by clientele
B) Grouping by style of service
C) Grouping by geography
D) Grouping by time
E) Grouping by process

F) All of the above
G) D) and E)

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Some of the more common ways in which activities of personnel can be grouped within an organization are:


A) Horizontal, vertical, and diagonal.
B) By clientele, by geography, and by process.
C) By rank, by structure, and by project.
D) By line, by group, and by organizational affiliation.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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If you worked in a police department as a commander (Captain), would you prefer to manage a "line" or "staff" operation? Why?

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Answer should include points s...

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____________ denotes one's place in terms of grade of authority, whereas ____________ indicates an assignment.

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Which of the following is not an important characteristic of the informal organization?


A) Naturalness.
B) Social distance.
C) Leadership.
D) Sympathy.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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D

Which of the following is an advantage of flatter organizational structures with higher spans of management?


A) Better communication within the organization.
B) Increased fiscal responsibility.
C) Less micromanaged supervision.
D) All of the above.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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List and discuss four basic types of structural designs within police departments.

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Answer should include points such as:

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As a chief of police how would you use the "informal organization" to get feedback from officers on a potential change you are considering on "off-duty" employment?

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Answer should include points such as:
An...

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Describe the characteristics of the informal organization.

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Answer should include points such as: Naturalness: The informal organization is natural and spontaneous. It evolves and develops in response to conditions and needs. Interactions (or group dynamics): group members interact with each other because they want to; they have a natural, spontaneous desire to do so. Empathy: Members of a social group have a high degree of attraction and sympathy for each other. Their social inhibitions are at a minimum and they feel a lack of the type of restraint that results from expected disapproval f one's associates. Social distance: Members of a social group do not feel that there are statuses or other types of barriers between themselves and other members. Democratic orientation: The social group has a strongly democratic orientation. The very essence of social group action is the attraction that members have for each other, supplemented by uninhibited communication and self-expression. Leadership: Leaders tend to emerge naturally from the groups. Group pressures: One aspect of the social group is the pressure exerted to get the members to conform to group standards in thought and action. Cohesiveness and unity: In order to endure a social group must have a certain amount of cohesiveness. In other words, there must be enough attractiveness n group goals and associations to ensure their observance as a means of maintaining the group.

In reference to organizational structure, community policing advocates an executive philosophy which emphasizes all of the following except:


A) Continuous community involvement.
B) Shorter and flatter design.
C) Centralization of police services.
D) Less specialization.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Match the concept from Column 1 to the type of personnel grouping (on a horizontal dimension) listed in Column 2. Each item in Column 2 will be used only once. -Type of personnel grouping that results in the grouping of employees by the type of equipment they use to perform particular functions.


A) Grouping by clientele
B) Grouping by style of service
C) Grouping by geography
D) Grouping by time
E) Grouping by process

F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

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The major advantage of which type of police organizational design is that it increases organizational complexity?


A) Line structure.
B) Functional structure.
C) Administrative structure.
D) Matrix structure.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Police departments sometimes use a ____________ structure in response to a major crime that has occurred within the community that needs input from a variety of sources within the police department.

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Some amount of hierarchy is needed for coordination, but the extremely ____________ police organization is neither needed nor particularly functional.

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The oldest, simplest, and clearest form of organizational design in:


A) Matrix.
B) Line and staff.
C) Line.
D) Functional.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Which policing philosophy requires every level of the organization to have a structure and design that highlights no only effective communication, but also the sharing of information and other resource?


A) Intelligence-led policing
B) Team policing
C) Traditional policing
D) Zero-tolerance policing

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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Many have suggested that police departments fully utilizing community policing will need to restructure their organizations with an emphasis on ____________ of police services.

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